Center On Education Policy: Social Promotion
Documents related to U.S. Department of Education-sponsored conferences held in 1999 and 2000 on the subject of social promotion.
Taking Responsibility for Ending Social Promotion: A Guide for Educators and State and Local Leaders
Discusses the practice of social promotion.
Harvard Education Letter - Retention vs. Social Promotion: Schools Search for Alternatives
Describes the conflict between passing or retaining students who are failing their coursework. Offers citations for further research.
Edweek - Summer School: Amid Successes, Concerns Persist
Describes the phenomenon of summer school as a last resort to keep students from having to repeat a year of school.
National Association of School Psychologists Position Statement - Grade Retention and Social Promotion
Research-based statement, with citations. "Given the frequent use of the ineffective practice of grade retention, NASP urges schools and parents to seek alternatives to retention that more effectively address the specific instructional needs of academic underachievers."
Beyond Social Promotion and Retention - Five Strategies to Help Students Succeed
A review of current literature and practice suggests five promising alternatives to the practices of social retention and promotion.
The Balanced View: Social Promotion & Retention
A report prepared by Westchester Institute For Human Services Research. Provides an overview of pros and cons and statistics related to retention of students.
The San Diego Union-Tribune - California should end social promotion
Editorial.
St. Petersburg Times Online: Board wants to end social promotion
Reports on the Florida state education board's proposal to end all social promotion statewide.
Social Promotion vs Mastery Learning
Bellevue International School co-founder Bruce Saari describes mastery learning and social promotion at Bellevue International, Lake Washington International, and Marysville Arts and Technology High School.
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